What are emulsions?
Emulsions are mixtures of two immiscible liquids - water and oil. These two main components are stabilized by a so-called emulsifier. The emulsifier prevents the two phases from separating and ensures that we obtain a homogeneous and stable texture. This allows us to combine the benefits of both components to provide optimal skin care.
Classification of emulsions
Emulsions are divided into two main categories based on their composition:
1. oil-in-water emulsions (O/W emulsions)
O/W emulsions contain small oil droplets dispersed in a water phase. The water phase takes on the outer role, which makes this type of emulsion light and pleasant. They are quickly absorbed by the skin and leave it feeling fresh. These emulsions are ideal for normal to oily skin types as they provide intensive moisturization.
2. water-in-oil emulsions (W/O emulsions)
In contrast, W/O emulsions consist of water droplets dispersed in an oil phase. Here, the oil is the outer phase, resulting in a rich and intensely nourishing texture. These emulsions are particularly suitable for dry skin as they moisturize the skin and minimize water loss. They are often found in very rich creams that provide a strong moisturizing effect.
Multiple emulsions: Innovative formulations
An exciting further development of conventional emulsions are multiple emulsions, in which at least two types of emulsion are nested within one another. One example is W/O/W emulsions, which contain microfine water droplets within oil droplets. These innovative formulations combine the best properties of both types of emulsion and enable targeted delivery of active ingredients to the skin. These can be used to particular advantage in products that require long-lasting hydration or specific active ingredients.